Data, AI & Methodology Disclosure

Effective Date: September 7, 2026

This Data, AI & Methodology Disclosure explains how The Speculator Intelligence Inc. (“The Speculator,” “we,” “us,” or “our”) may collect, process, classify, calculate, summarize, verify and present information through The Speculator, including thespeculator.ca and any related research tools, databases, dashboards, company pages, screeners, rankings, alerts and services (collectively, the “Platform”). This Disclosure should be read together with our Terms of Use and Privacy Policy.

The purpose of this document is transparency.

The Speculator is designed to help users discover, organize and compare public information more efficiently. It does not replace original issuer filings, regulatory disclosures, technical reports, financial statements or independent due diligence.

1. DATA SOURCES

The Speculator may collect or derive information from a range of public and third-party sources.

These may include:

securities regulatory filings;
issuer financial statements;
management discussion and analysis;
technical reports;
mineral resource and mineral reserve reports;
corporate presentations;
issuer websites;
press releases;
stock exchange information;
government databases;
permitting and regulatory databases;
public ownership disclosures;
market-data providers;
commodity-data providers;
news publications;
publicly available corporate records;
third-party data services; and
other publicly accessible sources.

The exact sources used may differ by company, project, security, jurisdiction, metric or feature.

The availability and quality of source information may also vary materially between issuers.

2. PRIMARY SOURCES AND SECONDARY SOURCES

Where practical, The Speculator seeks to prioritize authoritative or primary-source information.

Primary sources may include:

issuer regulatory filings;
technical reports;
audited or filed financial statements;
formal news releases;
stock exchange disclosures;
government records; and
other official issuer or regulator documentation.

The Platform may also use secondary sources where appropriate. Secondary sources may include:

financial-data providers;
news organizations;
industry databases;
market-data services; and
other third-party information providers.

Where secondary-source information conflicts with an authoritative primary source, users should rely on the primary source.

3. DATA COLLECTION AND INGESTION

Information may enter The Speculator through automated or manual processes.

These processes may include:

web crawling;
document retrieval;
API integrations;
RSS feeds;
market-data feeds;
document parsing;
structured-data imports;
database synchronization;
manual review;
automated extraction; and
other data-ingestion methods.

The use of an automated collection process does not guarantee that all relevant information has been collected.

Documents may be missed, delayed, inaccessible, improperly formatted, duplicated or incorrectly associated with an issuer.

4. ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE USE

The Speculator may use artificial intelligence and machine-learning technologies to assist with research and data processing.

AI may be used for tasks including:

identifying relevant documents;
extracting structured information from filings;
summarizing issuer disclosures;
classifying company information;
identifying catalysts;
identifying risks;
classifying news;
comparing disclosures across documents;
extracting project economics;
organizing ownership information;
identifying jurisdictions;
detecting changes in company information;
normalizing terminology;
generating research summaries;
assisting with search and discovery; and
other research-support functions.

Artificial intelligence is used as a tool to assist with information processing.

AI outputs are not inherently accurate simply because they are generated by an advanced model or presented confidently.

5. LIMITATIONS OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

Artificial-intelligence systems may make errors.

Potential errors may include:

extracting the wrong number;
associating a number with the wrong metric;
misreading tables;
confusing units;
confusing currencies;
confusing project-level data with company-level data;
attributing information to the wrong asset;
incorrectly interpreting dates;
omitting qualifications;
misunderstanding technical terminology;
failing to recognize superseded information;
incorrectly summarizing source material;
introducing unsupported statements;
failing to identify conflicting disclosures; or
otherwise producing inaccurate results. source.

Users should therefore treat AI-assisted information as a research aid rather than an authoritative Material information should be verified against original documentation.

6. AUTOMATED DATA EXTRACTION

Certain metrics displayed on The Speculator may be automatically extracted from documents.

Examples may include:

mineral resources;
mineral reserves;
grades;
tonnage;
production;
recovery rates;
throughput;
mine life;
capital expenditures;
sustaining capital;
operating costs;
cash costs;
all-in sustaining costs;
net present value;
internal rate of return;
payback period;
discount rates;
commodity-price assumptions;
ownership percentages;
financing information;
management information; and
expected project milestones.

Automated extraction can fail.

A value may appear numerically correct while being attached to the wrong:

project;
scenario;
currency;
date;
commodity;
ownership interest;
study stage;
unit;
sensitivity case; or
economic assumption.

Users should review the source document where a metric is material to an investment decision.

7. DOCUMENT SELECTION AND SOURCE PRIORITIZATION

A company may have many documents containing different versions of the same information.

The Speculator may use automated rules to determine which documents are more relevant or current. Depending on the feature, these rules may consider factors such as:

document date;
effective date;
filing date;
document type;
regulatory status;
technical-study stage;
source authority;
recency;
issuer relevance;
project relevance; and
whether information appears to supersede previous disclosure. assessment for certain project-economic metrics.

For example, a newer feasibility study may be preferred over an older preliminary economic However, automated document-ranking systems may not always identify the correct controlling document.

8. DATA RECENCY

The Speculator may display information collected at different points in time.

Not every field is updated continuously or at the same frequency. Depending on the data type, information may be refreshed:

automatically;
periodically;
after new filings;
after new company disclosures;
after a scheduled database refresh;
when a company page is reprocessed;
manually; or
when another triggering event occurs.

The presence of a data point on the Platform does not mean that the underlying information remains current.

Users should review displayed source dates and effective dates where available.

9. “VERIFIED” INFORMATION

The Platform may use terms such as:

“Verified”;
“Source Verified”;
“Regulator Verified”;
“Verified Snapshot”;
“High Confidence”;
“Source Confidence”; or
similar terminology.

These labels describe an internal verification or provenance process.

They do not mean that The Speculator guarantees the information to be accurate.

For example, a value may be considered verified because it was matched to a regulatory filing or identified primary-source document.

The label does not guarantee that:

the source itself contains no error;
the information remains current;
the source was interpreted correctly;
the value applies to every scenario;
the value has not subsequently changed; or
the information is suitable for a particular investment decision.

10. CONFIDENCE LEVELS

Where The Speculator displays a confidence level, confidence score or similar indicator, that measure may reflect factors such as:

source type;
source recency;
agreement between multiple sources;
extraction quality;
document structure;
presence of supporting evidence;
data consistency; and
internal validation rules.

A confidence indicator is a research-quality signal only.

It is not a statistical guarantee of correctness and should not be interpreted as a probability that the information is accurate unless expressly stated otherwise.

11. CALCULATED METRICS

Some information displayed through The Speculator may be calculated rather than directly reported by an issuer.

Examples may include:

market capitalization;
enterprise value;
ratios;
percentage changes;
relative performance;
technical indicators;
valuation comparisons;
commodity exposure calculations;
implied values;
normalized metrics;
trend scores;
momentum scores; and
other quantitative measures.

Calculated metrics depend on the underlying data and methodology. If the underlying data is delayed, incorrect or incomplete, the calculated result may also be incorrect.

Different data providers and calculation methodologies may produce different values.

12. TECHNICAL INDICATORS

The Platform may calculate technical market indicators such as:

moving averages;
relative strength index;
MACD;
stochastic oscillators;
volume trends;
relative volume;
price breakouts;
trend classifications; and
other quantitative indicators.

Technical indicators are mathematical transformations of historical or current market data.

They are not predictions and do not guarantee future market performance. Differences in:

data source;
price adjustment;
corporate-action treatment;
calculation period;
timestamp;
market session; or
methodology may result in different indicator values than those shown by another platform.

13. SCORES AND RANKINGS

The Speculator may use internally developed scoring or ranking systems.

These systems may evaluate securities or companies using combinations of factors such as:

price momentum;
technical indicators;
market activity;
volume;
company fundamentals;
project characteristics;
jurisdiction;
commodity exposure;
catalysts;
risk factors;
relative valuation; or
other data. recommendations.

Unless expressly stated otherwise, scores and rankings are research tools and not investment A score is dependent on the inputs, methodology and weighting system used at the relevant time.

Changes in methodology or data may change a company's score without any underlying change in the company itself.

14. METHODOLOGY CHANGES

The Speculator may modify its methodologies as the Platform develops. Changes may include:

adding or removing data fields;
changing weighting systems;
modifying ranking formulas;
changing source prioritization;
improving AI prompts or models;
changing extraction rules;
revising validation thresholds;
changing technical-indicator calculations;
changing company classifications; or
changing refresh frequencies.

Historical scores or classifications may therefore not always be directly comparable with newer results.

We are not obligated to preserve every historical methodology indefinitely.

15. COMPANY CLASSIFICATION

Companies may be classified by factors such as:

commodity;
development stage;
jurisdiction;
project type;
production status;
exploration status;
primary asset;
exchange;
market capitalization; or
other characteristics.

Many mining companies operate across multiple commodities, jurisdictions and project stages. Automated classifications may simplify these characteristics for research purposes.

Such classifications should not be treated as comprehensive descriptions of an issuer's business.

16. PROJECT ECONOMICS

Project-economic information may be sourced from studies including:

preliminary economic assessments;
prefeasibility studies;
feasibility studies;
technical reports;
issuer disclosures; and
other project studies.

Economic values may differ significantly depending on assumptions concerning:

commodity prices;
exchange rates;
discount rates;
capital costs;
operating costs;
recovery rates;
throughput;
mine life;
production profile;
taxes;
royalties;
financing;
ownership;
resource models; and
other assumptions.

The Speculator may display an economic metric without reproducing every assumption underlying that metric.

Users should consult the original study before relying on project economics.

17. MINERAL RESOURCES AND RESERVES

Mineral resource and reserve information requires careful interpretation.

The Platform may summarize quantities reported by issuers, including categories such as:

measured;
indicated;
inferred;
proven; and
probable.

These categories are not interchangeable.

The Speculator may also display totals or normalized summaries to make information easier to compare.

Users should consult the applicable technical report to understand:

classification;
cut-off grades;
commodity-price assumptions;
effective dates;
ownership interests;
mining methods;
metallurgical assumptions;
qualified-person statements; and
other material qualifications.

Mineral resources that are not mineral reserves do not have demonstrated economic viability.

18. CURRENCY AND UNIT NORMALIZATION

The Platform may normalize information into common currencies or measurement units to support comparison.

This may include conversion of:

Canadian dollars;
U.S. dollars;
Australian dollars;
tonnes;
ounces;
pounds;
kilograms;
grades;
production measures; and
other units. methodology.

Conversions may depend on exchange rates, unit assumptions and reporting conventions. Normalized values may differ from issuer-reported values due to rounding or conversion Where precision is important, users should refer to the original reported figure.

19. OWNERSHIP AND CORPORATE INFORMATION

Ownership, management, institutional holdings, insider interests and similar corporate information may change frequently.

The Speculator may derive such information from filings, issuer disclosure, public databases and third-party sources.

This information may be:

delayed;
incomplete;
based on reporting thresholds;
based on a specific filing date; or
affected by transactions that occurred after the relevant source was published.

Users should review current regulatory filings where ownership information is material.

20. CATALYST IDENTIFICATION

The Speculator may identify potential or expected catalysts from public information.

Catalysts may include:

drilling results;
resource estimates;
technical studies;
permitting decisions;
construction milestones;
financing;
acquisitions;
production events;
exploration programs; and
other anticipated company developments.

Catalyst dates may be:

estimates;
company guidance;
inferred timeframes;
approximate periods; or
subject to change.

A catalyst may occur later than expected, earlier than expected, be cancelled or never occur.

The identification of a catalyst does not imply a positive or negative expected share-price reaction.

21. RISK IDENTIFICATION

The Speculator may identify or summarize risks disclosed by issuers or identified through public information.

Risk classifications may include matters related to:

financing;
permitting;
operations;
jurisdiction;
commodity exposure;
environmental matters;
construction;
litigation;
ownership;
technical uncertainty; or
other factors.

Risk summaries are not intended to be exhaustive.

The absence of a particular risk from the Platform does not mean that the risk does not exist.

Users should review issuer risk disclosures and conduct independent analysis.

22. NEWS CLASSIFICATION

News articles and issuer releases may be automatically categorized or ranked.

Potential categories may include:

drilling;
financing;
corporate;
permitting;
technical studies;
production;
mergers and acquisitions;
management changes; and
other company developments.

Automated classification may be incorrect. The category assigned to an article should not be relied upon as a substitute for reading the original source.

23. MARKET DATA PROVIDERS

Price, volume, market capitalization and similar information may be obtained through third-party market-data providers.

Different providers may report different values because of:

exchange timing;
delayed feeds;
corporate actions;
currency conversion;
adjusted versus unadjusted prices;
symbol mapping;
data corrections; or
provider methodology.

Unless specifically stated otherwise, market information displayed through The Speculator should not be assumed to be exchange-grade or real-time trading data.

Users should confirm executable pricing through their broker or relevant trading venue.

24. SOURCE LINKS

Where practical, The Speculator may provide links or references to supporting documentation.

The presence of a source link does not guarantee that:

the link will remain active;
the source remains unchanged;
the document is the most recent version;
the source contains no error; or
every displayed statement can be independently verified from that single source.

Users may need to consult multiple source documents to fully evaluate an issuer.

25. CONFLICTING INFORMATION

Different documents may contain conflicting data.

For example, an issuer may disclose:

an updated resource estimate;
revised project economics;
amended guidance;
a changed ownership interest; or
a revised development schedule.

Where The Speculator identifies conflicting information, it may:

select the most recent authoritative source;
display a warning;
flag the information for review;
show multiple values;
reduce the confidence level; or
temporarily leave the field unresolved.

The Platform may not identify every conflict.

26. MISSING INFORMATION

A blank, unavailable or “not disclosed” field does not necessarily mean that the relevant information does not exist.

It may mean that:

the information was not found;
the source was inaccessible;
the relevant filing was not processed;
the issuer did not disclose the information;
extraction failed;
available sources were conflicting; or
the field has not yet been reviewed.

Users should not interpret missing information as a factual representation that the underlying metric or information does not exist.

27. ERROR REPORTING AND CORRECTIONS

We encourage users to report suspected data errors.

Reports may be submitted to:

admin@thespeculator.ca

Where possible, users should include:

the company;
the disputed field;
the displayed value;
the proposed correction; and
a link or reference to supporting primary-source documentation.

The Speculator may review reported errors but does not guarantee that every report will result in a correction.

Corrections may require validation against appropriate source material.

28. SOURCE DOCUMENTS CONTROL

The Speculator is a research and information-discovery tool, not an authoritative record of issuer disclosure. Where information displayed on the Platform differs from information contained in an issuer's:

regulatory filing;
technical report;
financial statement;
management discussion and analysis;
news release;
exchange filing; or
other authoritative primary-source document, the original authoritative source should be relied upon.

Users should independently verify material information before making investment or trading decisions.

29. NO WARRANTY OF DATA QUALITY

Although The Speculator seeks to improve data quality through source prioritization, automated validation, confidence indicators and other internal controls, no methodology can eliminate all errors.

To the maximum extent permitted by applicable law, The Speculator does not warrant that:

all relevant documents have been identified;
all information has been correctly extracted;
all calculations are accurate;
all classifications are correct;
all information is current;
all sources are complete;
all AI outputs are correct; or
all conflicts or inconsistencies have been detected.

30. USER RESPONSIBILITY

By using The Speculator, you acknowledge that: 1. the Platform may contain incorrect, incomplete, delayed, misinterpreted or misrepresented information; 2. automated and AI-assisted systems may produce errors;

3. data may be calculated, normalized, classified or summarized rather than reproduced exactly as originally reported;

5. information from original issuer and regulatory documents takes precedence over information displayed through The Speculator; and scores, rankings and classifications depend on internal methodologies that may change;

6. you are responsible for conducting independent due diligence before relying on material information.

31. METHODOLOGY TRANSPARENCY

Where practical and appropriate, The Speculator may provide explanations of:

metric definitions;
score components;
calculation methodologies;
source provenance;
data dates;
confidence indicators;
document types; and
other information intended to help users understand how a result was produced.

However, nothing in this Disclosure requires The Speculator Intelligence Inc. to publish proprietary:

software;
source code;
prompts;
algorithms;
database structures;
internal validation systems;
trade secrets; or
other confidential intellectual property.

32. CHANGES TO THIS DISCLOSURE

The Speculator is an evolving platform. We may update this Disclosure as:

data sources change;
methodologies evolve;
AI systems are updated;
new features are introduced;
validation processes improve;
new markets or exchanges are added; or
applicable legal or regulatory requirements change.

The effective date at the top of this Disclosure identifies the current version.

33. CONTACT

Questions regarding data sourcing, methodology, AI use or suspected inaccuracies may be directed to:

The Speculator Intelligence Inc.

Ontario, Canada

Email: admin@thespeculator.ca

IMPORTANT DATA NOTICE

THE SPECULATOR USES PUBLIC AND THIRD-PARTY INFORMATION, AUTOMATED DATA PROCESSING AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TO HELP ORGANIZE AND PRESENT MINING AND MARKET RESEARCH. THESE SYSTEMS MAY PRODUCE ERRORS, OMISSIONS, OUTDATED INFORMATION, INCORRECT CALCULATIONS, MISCLASSIFICATIONS OR MISREPRESENTATIONS.

THE SPECULATOR SHOULD NOT BE USED AS AN AUTHORITATIVE SOURCE FOR MATERIAL INVESTMENT INFORMATION. USERS SHOULD VERIFY MATERIAL INFORMATION DIRECTLY AGAINST ORIGINAL ISSUER FILINGS, TECHNICAL REPORTS, FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, NEWS RELEASES, REGULATORY DISCLOSURES AND OTHER PRIMARY SOURCES BEFORE MAKING INVESTMENT OR TRADING DECISIONS.